Python 黄金价格 API 教程：获取、缓存并绘制金价

pip install requests pandas matplotlib

# macOS 和 Linux
export METALAPI_KEY="mk_live_your_key_here"

# Windows PowerShell
$env:METALAPI_KEY = "mk_live_your_key_here"

import os

import requests

resp = requests.get(
    "https://metalapi.com/api/v1/latest",
    params={"base": "USD", "currencies": "XAU"},
    headers={"X-API-Key": os.environ["METALAPI_KEY"]},
    timeout=10,
)
data = resp.json()
if not data["success"]:
    raise SystemExit(f"MetalAPI error {data['error']['code']}: {data['error']['info']}")

price = data["rates"][data["base"] + "XAU"]
print(f"Gold: {price:,.2f} {data['base']} per troy ounce")

{
  "success": true,
  "timestamp": 1792834892,
  "date": "2026-10-24",
  "base": "USD",
  "rates": { "XAU": 0.0002501319, "USDXAU": 3997.89 },
  "rate_limit": { "limit": 100, "remaining": 99, "used": 1, "plan": "Free", "...": "..." }
}

import os
import time

import requests

API_URL = "https://metalapi.com/api/v1"
session = requests.Session()
session.headers["X-API-Key"] = os.environ["METALAPI_KEY"]


class MetalAPIError(Exception):
    def __init__(self, code, type_, info, retry_after=None):
        super().__init__(f"MetalAPI {code} ({type_}): {info}")
        self.code = code
        self.type = type_
        self.retry_after = retry_after


def _get(path, params):
    r = session.get(f"{API_URL}/{path}", params=params, timeout=10)
    try:
        data = r.json()
    except ValueError:  # 不是 JSON，例如代理返回的 HTML 错误页面
        raise MetalAPIError(r.status_code, "http_error", r.reason) from None
    if not data.get("success"):
        err = data["error"]
        retry_after = r.headers.get("Retry-After")
        raise MetalAPIError(err["code"], err["type"], err["info"], int(retry_after) if retry_after else None)
    return data


def call(path, params=None, retries=3):
    """GET 请求一个端点。仅对速率限制、服务器错误和网络故障进行重试。"""
    for attempt in range(retries + 1):
        try:
            return _get(path, params or {})
        except (MetalAPIError, requests.RequestException) as exc:
            code = getattr(exc, "code", None)  # 网络错误时为 None
            if attempt == retries or (code is not None and code != 104 and code < 500):
                raise
            time.sleep(getattr(exc, "retry_after", None) or 2**attempt)

import math
import time

import requests

from metalapi import MetalAPIError, call

# 单位为秒。Free：86_400，Lite：3_600（每小时一次才不会超出其 1,000 次请求），Standard：600
UPDATE_INTERVAL = 600
_cache = {}  # (base, symbols, unit) -> (过期时间, data)


def latest(base="USD", symbols="XAU,XAG", unit="troy_oz"):
    key = (base, symbols, unit)
    now = time.time()
    hit = _cache.get(key)
    if hit and now < hit[0]:
        return hit[1]
    try:
        data = call("latest", {"base": base, "currencies": symbols, "unit": unit})
    except (MetalAPIError, requests.RequestException):
        if not hit:
            raise
        _cache[key] = (now + 60, hit[1])  # 提供最后一次成功获取的价格，一分钟后再试
        return hit[1]
    next_update = (math.floor(now / UPDATE_INTERVAL) + 1) * UPDATE_INTERVAL
    _cache[key] = (next_update + 5, data)  # 在下一次更新后几秒过期
    return data

from datetime import date, timedelta

import pandas as pd

from metalapi import call


def gold_history(start, end, base="USD", max_days=30):  # 付费套餐可设为 max_days=365
    rates = {}
    chunk_start = start
    while chunk_start <= end:
        chunk_end = min(chunk_start + timedelta(days=max_days - 1), end)
        data = call("timeframe", {
            "start_date": chunk_start.isoformat(),
            "end_date": chunk_end.isoformat(),
            "currencies": "XAU",
            "base": base,
        })
        rates.update(data["rates"])
        chunk_start = chunk_end + timedelta(days=1)

    df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(rates, orient="index")
    df.index = pd.to_datetime(df.index)
    return df[f"{base}XAU"].sort_index().rename(f"gold_{base.lower()}")


gold = gold_history(date(2026, 1, 1), date(2026, 10, 23))
gold.to_csv("gold_usd.csv")
print(f"{len(gold)} trading days, high {gold.max():,.2f}, low {gold.min():,.2f}")

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd

gold = pd.read_csv("gold_usd.csv", index_col=0, parse_dates=True)["gold_usd"]
sma20 = gold.rolling(20).mean()

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 5))
ax.plot(gold.index, gold, linewidth=1, label="Gold, USD per troy oz")
ax.plot(sma20.index, sma20, linewidth=2, label="20-day moving average")
ax.set_title(f"Gold price, {gold.index[0]:%d %b %Y} to {gold.index[-1]:%d %b %Y}")
ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter("{x:,.0f}")
ax.grid(alpha=0.3)
ax.legend()
fig.autofmt_xdate()
fig.tight_layout()
fig.savefig("gold.png", dpi=150)